Each lunar month in Hindu calendar has two Chaturthi Tithis. The one after Purnima or full moon is known as Sankashti Chaturthi and the one after Amavasya or new moon is called Vinayaka Chaturthi. Sankashti Chaturthi also known as Sankata Hara Chaturthi/ Sankat Chauth, is an auspicious day dedicated to Lord Ganesha. It is believed that on this day Lord Ganesha bestows his presence on earth for all his devotees. It is the day Shiva declared his son Ganesha as superior to all the gods, barring Shri Vishnu, Maa Lakshmi, and Maa Parvati. Ganesha is widely worshipped as the god of wisdom, prosperity and good fortune and traditionally invoked at the beginning of any new venture or at the start of travel.
Fasting on Sankashti Chaturthi (17-11-16) removes all obstacles from life and Ganesha blesses his devotees with health, fortune and prosperity as He is Vighnaharta, the remover of obstacles. Devotees observe strict fast and break the fast at night after auspicious sight of the moon preceded by prayers to Lord Ganesha. Observing this fast is believed to reduce your problems. Before moonlight the mantras, strotams and prayers of Ganesha are recited to invoke the blessings of Lord Ganesha. On the Sakashta Chaturthi day of each month, the 'Sankashta Ganapathi Pooja' prayer is performed. Each fast has a purpose and is explained to us by a story known as the ‘Vratha Katha’. This prayer offering has 13 Vratha Kathas, one for each month and the 13th story is for 'adhika' (The Hindu calendar has one extra month every 4 years). The uniqueness of this Vratha is that the story pertaining to that month alone has to be recited.
According to one interpretation, there once lived two brothers with their wives. Elder rich brother’s wife was greedy but the wife of the poor younger brother was a devotee of Ganesha. On the day of Sankashti Chaturthi, she performed puja but she had nothing to offer to Ganesha, so she asked the elder brother’s wife for some food, but she didn’t give her anything. Disappointed the younger wife went to sleep. At night Lord Ganesha visited her home and blessed her with a lot of gold and jewellery. When the greedy wife of the rich brother saw this, she also repeated the same procedure and invited Ganesha. But the angry Ganesha cursed her. The greedy lady realised her mistake, she could gain good fortune only after worshiping Ganesha with full devotion on Sankat Chauth. Ever since devotees have been worshiping Lord Ganesha on Sankat Chauth to get his blessings.! 
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Jai Shri Ganeshaya Namah ~ Shubh Ratri!! 
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